Everything about Georg Ritter Von Sch Nerer totally explained
Georg Ritter von Schönerer (
July 17,
1842-
August 14,
1921) was an
Austrian politician active in the late 1800s and early 1900s.
Born in
Vienna as
Georg Heinrich Schönerer, when his father (railroad pioneer
Matthias Schönerer) was knighted in 1860 Georg too was entitled to add the noble particle
von to his surname, and unofficially but by custom, also the knightly title
Ritter. When his wealthy father died in
1881, he also inherited the title in his own right, thus becoming Georg (Knight of) Schönerer.
As a young man he became a political activist and got elected to Austria’s
Reichsrat (Parliament) in 1873. Originally a
liberal, Schönerer became more
nationalist as his career progressed, and by the peak of his career had transformed into a
far right politician, considered by left-leaning liberals to be even a conservative. Schönerer developed a political philosophy that featured elements of violent
anti-Semitism,
anti-Slavism,
anti-Catholicism, authoritarianism, popular solidarism, nationalism, and
Pan-Germanism, themes which appealed to many lower class Viennese. As such, Schönerer rapidly became a popular and powerful political figure. In 1879 he formed the
Pan-German Party, which would become a considerable force in Austrian politics.
During these years, while the
Kulturkampf divided
Imperial Germany, Schönerer founded the
Away from Rome! movement, which advocated the conversion of all Roman Catholic
German speakers of Austria to Lutheran
Protestantism, or, in some cases, to the
Old Catholic Churches.
In 1888, Schönerer was temporarily imprisoned for ransacking a Jewish-owned newspaper office and assaulting its employees. This action increased Schönerer’s popularity and helped members of his party get elected to the Austrian Parliament. The prison sentence also resulted in the loss of his status as a
noble. Schönerer himself was reelected to the Reichsrat in 1897, and later that year helped orchestrate the expulsion of Prime Minister
Kasimir Felix Graf Badeni from office. Badeni had proclaimed that civil servants in Austrian-controlled
Bohemia would have to know the
Czech language, an ordinance which prevented many ethnic German-speakers (the majority of whom couldn't speak Czech) in Bohemia from applying for governmental jobs. Schönerer staged mass protests against the ordinance and disrupted parliamentary proceedings, actions which eventually caused Emperor
Franz Joseph to dismiss Badeni.
Schönerer became even more powerful in 1901, when 21 members of his party gained seats in the Parliament. His career crumbled rapidly thereafter, however, due to his forceful views and personality. His party suffered as well, and had virtually disintegrated by 1907.
But his views and philosophy would go on to greatly influence
Adolf Hitler and the
Nazi Party as a whole.
Schönerer died at his castle
Rosenau at
Zwettl,
Lower Austria on
August 14,
1921. An admirer of
Otto von Bismarck, he arranged to be buried near von Bismarck's mausoleum on his estate at
Friedrichsruh in
Schleswig-Holstein, northern
Germany.
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